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Clinical Rehabilitation, Vol. 20, No. 1, 24-30 (2006)
DOI: 10.1191/0269215506cr927oa
© 2006 SAGE Publications

Effects of single-dose methylphenidate on cognitive performance in patients with traumatic brain injury: a double-blind placebo-controlled study

Yun-Hee Kim

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Stroke and Cerebrovascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Myoung-Hwan Ko

Seung-Yong Na

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea

Se-Hun Park

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Kee-Won Kim

Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea

Objectives: To determine the effect of a single dose of methylphenidate on the cognitive performance of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and particularly on working memory and visuospatial attention.

Design: A double-blind placebo-controlled study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group taking methylphenidate and a control group taking a placebo.

Setting: The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of a university hospital.

Subjects: Eighteen subjects with TBI (16 male and two female) were enrolled.

Interventions: The patients were given 20 mg methylphenidate or a placebo. Cognitive assessments were performed at three times: before the medication as a baseline, 2 h after medication and at follow-up (48 h later).

Main measures: Cognitive assessments consisted of working memory tasks and endogenous visuospatial attention tasks designed using SuperLabPro 2.0 software. Response accuracy and reaction time were measured.

Results: There were significant improvements in response accuracy in the methylphenidate group compared with the placebo group for both the working memory and visuospatial attention tasks. A significant decrease in the reaction time was also observed in the methylphenidate group only for the working memory task.

Conclusions: The administration of single-dose methylphenidate has an effect in improving cognitive functioning following a TBI. The effects were most prominent regarding the reaction time of the working memory.


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