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Measurement structure of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain

Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China

Gladys LY Cheing

Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China, gladys.cheing{at}inet.polyu.edu.hk

Chetwyn CH Chan

Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China

Fong Chan

Department of Rehabilitation Psychology & Special Education, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Arran SL Leung

Rehabilitation Clinic, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China

Objective: To examine the factorial structure of the Chinese translation of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain.

Setting: Outpatient physiotherapy department in a local hospital and a local rehabilitation clinic.

Participants: One hundred and twenty patients with chronic pain in physiotherapy treatment.

Methods: Each participant was asked to complete the Chinese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, visual analogue scale (VAS), modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The test structure of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis. Highly correlated paths were added onto the initial structure for improving the final construct for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The correlations between the Chinese Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and related measurements were computed using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients.

Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the one-factor model provided the best fit between the model and data, with the chi-square of the respecified model computed to be 36.79 (33, N = 120), the goodness-of-fit index 0.940, cumulative fit index 0.996, and the root mean square error of approximation 0.031. The item-total correlations ranged from 0.70 to 0.85. Cronbach’s alpha of the Chinese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was computed to be 0.94. The total scores also correlated significantly with the modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and six subscales of SF-36.

Conclusion: A single-factor model confirmed the unidimensionality of the Chinese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain. It demonstrated good internal consistency reliability and construct-related validity.

This version was published on November 1, 2009

Clinical Rehabilitation, Vol. 23, No. 11, 1034-1043 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0269215509337448


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